Category: Issue 4 (202)

Issue 4 (202), article 5

DOI:https://doi.org/10.15407/kvt202.04.073

Cybernetics and Computer Engineering, 2020, 4(202)

Lyabakh K.G.¹, DSc (Biology),
Leading Researcher of the Department of Complex Research of Information Technologies
e-mail: katya.e.g@gmail.com

Dukhnovska K.K.²,
Assistant of the Applied Information Systems Department,
Faculty of Information Technologies
e-mail: duchnov@ukr.net

¹International Research and Training Centre for Information Technologies and Systems of the NAS and MES of Ukraine, 40, Glushkov av., Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine

²Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
60, Volodymyrska st., Kiyv, 01033, Ukraine

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR STUDYING THE OXYGEN REGIME OF MUSCLE CELL

Introduction. On the basis of the mathematical model the information technology for research of oxygen modes of a cell (myocyte) for calculation of distribution of intracellular rates of oxygen consumption VO2, pO2 pressures, their average values and area of hypoxia as set of ratios of VO2 to values of oxygen request is developed.

The purpose of the study is to create a user-friendly technology for the analysis of the oxygen regime in the capillary blood -cell — mitochondria system. Our unique approach permits to consider the influence of the heterogeneity of mitochondrial oxidative power within the human myocyte on its oxygenation. Blood flow, its oxygen-transport properties, load, capillary geometry, as well as uneven distribution of mitochondria as oxygen consumers are the basic parameters for calculations

Methods. At the stage of mathematical modeling the apparatus of mechanics of continuous media, differential equations in partial derivatives is applied. Numerical methods, object-oriented C # programming language, ASP Core technology were used at the stage of development of information technology of oxygen regime of human muscle cell. The results of calculations of different modes characterize them as a whole and at different points of the cell, they are presented in the form of tables, graphs and descriptions of fields in matrix form, they are easy to compare with each other on one screen.

Results. The technology is designed to use a standard set of indicators of O₂ transport and utilization to study the oxygen supply of working human skeletal muscle. It gives a possibility to study mitochondria under hypoxia that regulate oxygen cell supply by different ways. The proposed technology allows to study the effect of mitochondrial reorganization that occurs under some conditions, on the adaptation processes of the cell working under another one. The technology revealed the importance of the connection between the intercapillary distance and the heterogeneity of mitochondria as a factor influences on tissue oxygen regime.

Keywords: information technology, models of transport and utilization of oxygen in muscle , oxygen regime, muscle cell, hypoxia, mitochondrial heterogeneity, mitochondrial oxidizing power, intercapillary distance, diffusion.

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REFERENCES

1. Pathi B, Kinsey S.T.,Locke B.R. Oxygen control of intracellular distribution of mitochondria in muscle fibers. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2013, 110, 9, рp. 2513-24.
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2. Zuo L,Shiah A.,Roberts W.J., Chien M.T., Wagner P.D., Hogan M.C. Low Po2 conditions induce reactive oxygen species formation during contractions in single skeletal muscle fibers. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2013; 304(11): R1009-16.
https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00563.2012

3. Hart P.C. MnSOD upregulation sustains the Warburg effect via mitochondrial ROS and AMPK-dependent signalling in cancer. Nature communications, 2015, P. 1-14.
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5. 5. Giacomello , .Pyakurel A., .Glytsou C., Scorrano L. The cell biology of mitochondrial membrane dynamics. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2020;21(4). р. 204-22.
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6. Kajar S.R., Hoppeler H. Essen-Gustavson B., Scherzmann K. The similarity of mitochondrial distribution in equine skeletal muscle of differing oxidative capacity. Journal Experimental Biology. 1988. Vol. 137. P. 253-63.

7. Hoppeler H., Fluck M. Plasticity of skeletal muscle mitochondria: structure and function. Med Sci. Sports Exerc. , 2003. V 35, № 1, p. 95-104.
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8. Mainwood G., Racusan K. A model for intracellular energy transport. Can. J. Physiol. and Pharmacol. 1982 , vol. 60 , № 1, p. 98-102.
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9. Grunewald W. Computer calculation for tissue oxygenation and the meaningful presentation of results. Oxygen transport to tissue. 1973. v. 126 p. 783-792.
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10. Liabakh K. G. Mathematical models for studying the effect of nitric oxide and myoglobin on the oxygen regime of the cell. Kibernetika i vyčislitel’naâ tehnika. 2013, no. 173, pp. 85-92. (In Rusian)

11. Lyabakh K. G., Lissov P. N. Oxidative power and intracellular distribution of mitochondria control cell oxygen regime when arterial hypoxemia occurs. Biophysics, 2012,
vol. 57, № 5, p. 628-633.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350912050120

12. Liabakh K G. Oxidative power and intracellular distribution of mitochondria regulate cell oxygen regime under circulatory hypoxia. International Journal of Physiol. Pathophysiol. 2018, vol. 9, №1, p. 99-108.
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13. Liabakh K G. Reguluvannia kysnevogo reshimy klityny na osnovi difusii. Fisiol. Jurnal, 2019, vol. 65, №3, p.12-21. (In Ukrainian)

14. Lyabakh K, Mankovskaya I. Oxygen transport to skeletal muscle working at VO2max in acute hypoxia: theoretical prediction. Comparative Biochem. and Physiol. Part A.2002.Vol. 132. P. 53-60
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15. Ralph S. Rodriguez-Enriquezb S. Neuzil J.Saavedra E, Moreno-Sanchez R. The causes of cancer revisited: ”Mitochondrial malignancy” and ROS-induced oncogenic transformation – Why mitochondria are targets for cancer therapy Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 2010,31, р.145-70.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2010.02.008

Received 01.09.2020

Issue 4 (202), article 4

DOI:https://doi.org/10.15407/kvt202.04.057

Cybernetics and Computer Engineering, 2020, 4(202)

ANTOMONOV M.Y., DSc (Biology), Professor,
Chief Researcher, the Department of Epidemiological Research and Medical Informatics,
e-mail: antomonov@gmail.com

A.M. Marzeev Institute of Public Health of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 50, Popudrenko str., 02660, Kyiv, Ukraine

IMITATION OF COMPENSATOR AND ADAPTIVE PROCESSES IN BIOSYSTEMS

Introduction. The functioning efficiency of any biosystem (BS), regardless of its hierarchy level, depends on its adapt ability to changes in the environment or its state. Adaptive processes are implemented at the molecular, subcellular, cellular, tissue, organ, systemic and organismal levels. This adaptation can occur with the help of various mechanisms, has different dynamic characteristics, be accompanied by different energy costs and be more or less efficient. In this regard, it is expedient to identify as accurately as possible the type of adaptive process and assess its stressfulness for BS. In our opinion, such a classification can be carried out by formal markers of adaptive processes (by graphs) using mathematical methods of their description.

The purpose of the paper is to develop a formalized classification of adaptive processes types based on mathematical modeling of their dynamics.

Methods: structural and functional modeling using the approaches and mathematical apparatus of the theory of automatic control, using differential equations, probabilistic approaches and graphical analysis.

Results. The structurally functional model of the adaptive process is presented as three connected subsystems. The output process of the first subsystem is described by an exponential function with a constraint, of the second — a logistic (S-shaped) function, of the third — their difference, i.e. unimodal curve.The operation of such a system is considered for different ratios of the parameters of the transfer functions of the subsystems (conversion factors and time constants). It is proposed to use the output function of this system as an identifier of various types of adaptive reactions: adaptation, compensation, reparative regeneration and a pathological process. Criteria for definition of such a distinction are proposed using integral and dynamic characteristics of mathematical models.

Conclusions. The proposed three-block diagram of the adaptive process makes it possible to perform its mathematical description in the simplest and most adequate form. Based on the paradigm of one-to-one correspondence of the structure and function of the adaptive process, it is possible to calculate the parameters of the subsystems involved in organizing the systemic response in response to external influences using the actually recorded graphs of thees adaptive processes: their conversion coefficients and time conctant. The systemic representation of the biosystem work gives us the probabilistically represent the participation process of the constituent subsystems when an external influence changes (evolutionary transformations). The developed criterion system allows, according to the graphs of the dynamics of the output function of a real biomedical research, to determine the type of adaptive process, that is, to correlate it with specific biological mechanisms and to assess the degree of its “pathology” for the biosystem.

Keywords: information technology, system approach, structural and functional modeling, approaches to the theory of automatic control, differential equations, probabilistic methods, graphic analysis.

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12. Antomonov M.Yu., Kozak LM Mathematical modeling of adaptation processes / Proceedings of the XIII International Scientific and Practical Conference “Adaptive Opportunities of Children and Youth” September 10-11, 2020, Odessa, pp.6-9.

Received 04.08.2020

Issue 4 (202), article 3

DOI:https://doi.org/10.15407/kvt202.04.044

Cybernetics and Computer Engineering, 2020, 4(202)

ODARCHENKO R.S., DSc. (Engineering), Associate professor,
Lead Researcher of the Intelligent Control Department,
e-mail: odarchenko.r.s@ukr.net ORCID: 0000-0002-7130-1375

VOLKOV O.Ye.,
Head of the Intelligent Control Department
e-mail: alexvolk@ukr.net ORCID: 0000-0002-5418-6723

SIMAKHIN V.M., PhD student,
Junior Researcher of the Intelligent Control Department
e-mail: thevladsima@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0003-4497-0925

SEMENOG R.V., PhD student,
Junior Researcher of the Intelligent Control Department
e-mail: ruslansemenog20@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0002-6714-0644

GOSPODARCHUK O.Yu.,
Senior Researcher of the Intelligent Control Department,
e-mail: dep185@irtc.org.ua ORCID: 0000-0001-6619-2277

International Research and Training Center for Information Technology and Systems of NAS and MES of Ukraine,
40, Acad. Glushkov av., Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine

TECHNOLOGY OF INTELLIGENT CONTROL OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES MONITORING IN THE AIRSPACE USING 5G CELLULAR NETWORKS

Introduction. The increasing number of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the airspace, as well as the imperfection of the regulatory framework for the regulation of their activities, poses numerous challenges to regulators. This work proposes the development of intelligent technologies and soft-/hardware systems combined with state of the art 5G cellular networks for solving problems of UAV registration and monitoring.

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the state of the UAV market and related legislation in the world and Ukraine; to develop the technology for intelligent control of UAV monitoring using cellular networks; to prepare guidelines for the implementation and application of the system.

Methods. The methods of data transmission in 5G networks and construction of global distributed IoT networks for the implementation of monitoring technology, methods of data analysis and detection of anomalies for the study of events occurring in the UAV network were used.

Results. The technology of intelligent monitoring of UAVs with the use of a modern 5G cellular network was developed. The use of the fifth generation network provides high data transfer speeds with ultra-low latency and meets all the necessary security requirements. The technology of intelligent control of UAV monitoring consists of separate methods, which are executed in the monitoring center, data processing center and in the supervisory control and data acquisition system. The use of cellular base stations for primary data processing and filtering speeds up the events processing in the UAV network.

Conclusions. The results of the work can be used by civil aviation regulators for monitoring the usage of airspace by unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as for prevention of casualties and emergencies.

Keywords: information technology, monitoring system, registration system, unmanned aerial vehicle, 5G network.

Methods. The methods based on the theory of matricies are utilized.

Results. The pseudoinverse model-based control leading to static output feedback is proposed to reject unmeasured disturbances. The optimality and robustness properties of such controller are established. Numerical examples and simulation results are presented to support theoretical study.

Conclusion. The paper shed some light on the existence of the pseudoinverse static output feedback controllers which can either be optimal (in the absence of any uncertainty) or be robust stable against parameter uncertainties dealing with the linear multivariable first-order discrete-time system in a hard case when its gain matrix is nonsquare (in contrast to the known results).

Keywords: discrete time, feedback control methods, pseudoinversion, multivariable control systems, robustness.

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REFERENCES

1. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Market – Global Forecast to 2025 – MarketsandMarkets, October 2019, p. 322.

2. “Overview of the areas of UAVs’ use in everyday life” URL: http://www.50northspatial.org/ ua/uavs-everyday-life/ (in Ukrainian).

3. “Drones and Ukrainian legislation” URL: http://www.50northspatial.org/ua/drony-ta-ukrayinske-zakonodavstvo/ (in Ukrainian).

4. ICAO Cir 328, Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), p. 54 URL: https://www.icao.int/ meetings/uas/documents/circular%20328_en.pdf.

5. Manual on Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), ICAO Doc 10019 1st Edition, p. 166 URL: https://store.icao.int/en/manual-on-remotely-piloted-aircraft-systems-rpas-doc-10019.

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7. Zeng, Q. Wu and R. Zhang, “Accessing From the Sky: A Tutorial on UAV Communications for 5G and Beyond”. Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 107, no. 12, pp. 2327-2375, Dec. 2019
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8. A. Fotouhi, H. Qiang, M. Ding, M. Hassan, L. Galati Giordano, A. Garcia-Rodriguez, and J. Yuan “IEEE Survey on UAV Cellular Communications: Practical Aspects, Standardization Advancements, Regulation, and Security Challenges”. Journal of communications surveys and tutorials. 2019, pp 1-28
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9. M. Mozaffari, W. Saad, M. Bennis, Y.-H. Nam, and M. Debbah. “A Tutorial on UAVs for Wireless Networks: Applications, Challenges, and Open Problems”. ArXiv e-prints, Mar 2018 – arXiv:1803.00680
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10. S. Hayat, E. Yanmaz, and R. Muzaffar. “Survey on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks for Civil Applications: A Communications Viewpoint”. IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials. 18(4), Fourthquarter 2016, pp.2624-2661.
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11. Y. Zeng, R. Zhang, and T. Joon Lim. “Wireless communications with unmanned aerial vehicles: opportunities and challenges”. IEEE Communications Magazine. 54(5), 2016, pp. 36-42.
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15. Hu Zhengbing, V. Gnatyuk, V. Sydorenko, R. Odarchenko, and S. Gnatyuk. “Method for cyberincidents network-centric monitoring in critical information infrastructure”. International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security.9, no. 6, 2017, pp. 30-43
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16. R. Odarchenko, P. Usik, O. Volkov, V. Simakhin, O. Gospodarchuk and Y. Burmak “5G Networks Cyberincidents Monitoring System for Drone Communications”. 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference Actual Problems of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Developments (APUAVD) Kyiv, Ukraine, October 22-24, 2019, pp. 165-169.
https://doi.org/10.1109/APUAVD47061.2019.8943890

Received 10.09.2020

Issue 4 (202), article 2

DOI:https://doi.org/10.15407/kvt202.04.025

Cybernetics and Computer Engineering, 2020, 4(202)

I.V. SUROVTSEV¹, DSc (Engineering), Senior Researcher,
Head of the Ecological Digital Systems Department
e-mail: dep175@irtc.org.ua, igorsur52@gmail.com

P.Y. VELYKYI¹, PhD Student
Ecological Digital Systems Department
e-mail: velykyi305@gmail.com

V.M. GALIMOVA², PhD (Chemistry), Associate Professor,
Senior Lecturer,
Analytical and Inorganic
Chemistry and Water Quality Department
e-mail: galimova2201@gmail.com

M.V. SARKISOVA² Student
Veterinary Faculty
e-mail: mari.doga2014@gmail.com

¹International Research and Training Center of Information Technologies and Systems of the NAS of Ukraine and MES of Ukraine,
40, Acad. Glushkov av., Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine
²National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of  Ukraine,
17, str. Heroes of Defense, 17, bldg. № 2, of. 18, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine

IONOMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF CONCENTRATIONS OF MICROELEMENTS IN RESEARCH OF DIGITAL MEDICINE

Introduction. The use of ionometric methods of chemical analysis allows to quickly determine the safety of drinking water and the concentration of electrolytes of body fluids in research in digital medicine.

The purpose of the paper is to develop an algorithm for processing data measuring alkali and alkaline earth metal concentrations by a new electrochemical method of chronoionometry, based on the use of the principles of direct potentiometry and ion-selective electrodes on the inversion chronopotentiometry device.

Methods. According to the algorithm, the potentials are read in time at a speed of 4 KHz, a constant potential value is determined and a chronopotentiogram is plotted to control stability. According to the linear dependence of the potential difference on the logarithm of the mass of the additives, the mass of the element is found in the sample solution and the values of the element concentrations are determined by the electrode characteristic.

Results. The method of chronoionometry was developed and testing was performed on the device of stripping chronopotentiometry “Analyzer SCP” for determining the concentrations of potassium, sodium and calcium in model aqueous solutions. Analytical system “Analyzer SCP” includes five electrochemical research methods: the method of stripping chronopotentiometry (SCP); pulse method SCP (PSCP); differential pulse method SCP (DPSCP); oxidative pulse method SCP (OPSCP); chronoionometric method (CHI). The algorithm for processing concentration measurement data by chronoionometry makes it possible to select specific potential measurements and not take into account unstable values. Measurements are performed by the method of multiple standard additives to ensure controllability of the analysis results.

Conclusions. The proposed method of chronoionometry improves the clarity and control of the stability of potential measurements, allows to choose specific values of additives when calculating concentrations, which increase the reliability and accuracy of measuring concentrations of chemical elements, expands the functionality of the device for stripping chronopotentiometry and makes it more versatile.

Keywords: ionometry method, concentration, ion-selective electrodes, stripping chronopotentiometry, drinking water quality, digital medicine.

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Received 07.09.2020

Issue 4 (202), article 1

DOI:https://doi.org/10.15407/kvt202.04.005

Cybernetics and Computer Engineering, 2020, 4(202)

Anisimov A.V., DSc (Phys & Math),
corresponding member of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dean of the Faculty of Computer Science and Cybernetics
e-mail: anatoly.v.anisimov@gmail.com

Zavadskyi I.O., DSc (Phys & Math),
Associate Professor of the Mathematical Informatics Department
e-mail: ihorza@gmail.com

Chudakov T.S., student
e-mail: timofey.chudakov@gmail.com

Faculty of Computer Science and Cybernetics
of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv,
2d, Glushkov av. 03022, Kyiv, Ukraine

APPLICATION OF MULTI-DELIMITER CODES TO NATURAL LANGUAGE TEXT ARCHIVING

Introduction. The efficiency of modern archivers is approaching to the theoretical limit. Even small compression ratio improvements for some specific data types, by less than 1%, is assumed to be essential when the reasonable time complexity is maintained. This research is actual since a new data encoding method is developed, which gives the possibility to achieve rather more significant improvement of the compression ratio when it comes to English or German texts archiving.

The purpose of the paper is to solve the problem of non-monotonicity of a multi-delimiter code dictionary and investigate the possibility of use the multi-delimiter encoding on the preprocessing stage of natural language texts archiving.

Results. The concept of the reverse multi-delimiter code is introduced. The monotonic encoding as well as the decoding mapping from the set of natural numbers to the set of reverse multi-delimiter code codewords is built. The efficiency of applying the reverse multi-delimiter codes to natural language text compression is investigated together with the method of dictionary optimization. The provided experiments show that the reverse multi-delimiter encoding of English and German texts on the preprocessing stage and applying the proposed dictionary optimization method allows us to improve the marginal compression efficiency of the most powerful archivers in the maximal compression mode by about 1–3%.

Conclusions. The reverse multi-delimiter codes can be considered as an efficient tool when it comes to compression of natural language texts. As a standalone solution, these codes are robust, provide the possibility to fast decode and search the data in a compressed file. As a tool for natural language text preprocessing for subsequent archiving, the reverse multi-delimiter codes together with the method of dictionary optimization allow us to improve the compression rate of the best up-to-date known archivers.

Keywords: compression, archiving, archiver, compression code, multi-delimiter code, reverse multi-delimiter code, dictionary optimization, natural language text.

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Received 10.09.2020